Steam’s documentation before the change
“Onboarding.” Steam. Archived Jul 16, 2025. https://web.archive.org/web/20250716210450/https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/gettingstarted/onboarding?language=english#5

Steam’s documentation after the change
“Onboarding.” Steam. Accessed Jul 18, 2025. https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/gettingstarted/onboarding?language=english#5

Article about Steam rule change
V, Amber. “Steam rules updated to prohibit content that violates rules set forth by payment processors and banks.” Automaton Media. Jul 16, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/steam-rules-updated-to-prohibit-content-that-violates-rules-set-forth-by-payment-processors-and-banks/

Another article about NSFW crackdown
Hernandez, Patricia. “Looks like Steam is having a messy crackdown on sex games.” Polygon. Jul 16, 2025 https://www.polygon.com/news/613411/steam-sex-adult-games-rules-changes-july-2025

List of games removed from store the day of the policy change
“App events before change U:64657809.” SteamDB. Jul 16, 2025. https://steamdb.info/history/events/?before=64657809

Post about Fansly’s updated NSFW policy
“Way to go Fansly! Good job shooting yourself in the foot by prohibiting any furries or humanoids with animal ears or tails!” Bluesky. Jun 23, 2025. https://bsky.app/profile/shuttershade.bsky.social/post/3lsd7pxgppc2d

Article about Fansly’s furry ban
Cole, Samantha. “Massive Creator Platform Fansly Bans Furries.” 404 Media. Jun 24, 2025. https://www.404media.co/fansly-ban-furries-new-rules/

Another article about Fansly’s furry ban
Wilkins, Joe. “Fansly Outlaws Furry Content.” Futurism. Jun 25, 2025. https://futurism.com/fansly-outlaws-furry-content

Fansly email showing their new banned terms (including catgirl)
@OpenNSFWSP. “Well this is…. insane.” Twitter. Jun 29, 2025 https://x.com/OpenNSFWSP/status/1939542224154362178

Surugaya announcing their marketplace shutdown
“Surugaya Marketplace Announcement.” Talos. May 20, 2025. https://news.talos-web.com/information/駿河屋マーケットプレイスに関するお知らせ

Article about Surugaya shutdown
P, Đorđe. “Access to adult PC games shut down on major Japanese online retailer amidst “discussions with payment processors”.” Automaton Media. May 22, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/access-to-adult-pc-games-shut-down-on-major-japanese-online-retailer-amidst-discussions-with-payment-processors/

Japanese article about Surugaya shutdown
Zunko. “Adult page disappears, credit card troubles? Surugaya to close adult product page for the time being 1st photo/image.” GameSpark. May 21, 2025. https://www.gamespark.jp/article/2025/05/21/152843.html

Nico Video announcing Visa/MC suspension
“(Additional information about the resumption of payments on 2/23) [Important] Regarding the temporary suspension of Niconico Premium membership payments via Visa.” Nico Video. Feb 23, 2025. https://blog.nicovideo.jp/niconews/222629.html

Nico Video revising their terms of use to comply with payment processors
“Notice of Partial Revision to the “Niconico Terms of Use” and “Niconico Action Guidelines”.” Oct 10, 2024. https://blog.nicovideo.jp/niconews/231358.html

Nico Video deleting 50,000 videos
“Niconico Video deletes 50,000 videos in just a few days. Could this be due to a “regulation review” in light of the situation overseas?” Otaku Research Institute. Jan 20, 2025. https://0115765.com/archives/110019

Nico Video reinstating Visa payments
Townsend, Verity. “Major Japanese video platform reinstates Visa payment after deleting a lot of its adult content.” Automaton Media. Feb 21, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/nongaming-news/major-japanese-video-platform-niconico-reinstates-visa-payment-after-deleting-a-lot-of-its-adult-content/

Article covering Niconico’s year long VISA hiatus
Townsend, Verity. “Niconico mass deletes videos and shuts down adult-oriented fanart portal to comply with international laws.” Automaton Media. Jan 20, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/nongaming-news/niconico-mass-deletes-videos-and-shuts-down-adult-oriented-fanart-portal-to-comply-with-international-laws/

Article covering Manga Library Z shutdown
Mateo, Alex. “Manga Library Z Digital Manga Service Shuts Down on November 26.” Anime News Network. Nov 5, 2024. https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-11-05/manga-library-z-digital-manga-service-shuts-down-on-november-26/.217539

Manga Library Z’s official suspension announcement
“Notice regarding the suspension of the Manga Library Z website.” Manga Library Z. Nov 2024. https://closing.mangaz.com/

Manga Library Z’s shutdown tweet
@Manga_Z_. “Manga Library Z has ceased operations and shut down the site as of noon on November 26.” Twitter. Nov 25, 2024. https://x.com/Manga_Z_/status/1861252266038276507

Article about Manga Library Z shutdown
V, Amber. ““Let’s meet again in hell” Japanese out-of-print manga archive Manga Library Z begrudgingly shuts down, but swears to be back.” Automaton Media. Nov 26, 2024. https://automaton-media.com/en/nongaming-news/lets-meet-again-in-hell-japanese-out-of-print-manga-archive-manga-library-z-begrudgingly-shuts-down-but-swears-to-be-back/

Article covering how Manga Library Z complied with policies
V, Amber. “Japan is losing an archive of out-of-print manga because of international credit card companies.” Automaton Media. Nov 6, 2024. https://automaton-media.com/en/nongaming-news/japan-is-losing-an-archive-of-out-of-print-manga-because-of-international-credit-card-companies/

Manga Library Z’s crowdfunding campaign to come back
““Manga Library Z is back!” Site Relaunch Project.” Motion Gallery. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://motion-gallery.net/projects/manga-toshokan-z

Article about Manga Library Z coming back
V, Amber. “Japanese archive of out-of-print manga crowdfunded back into existence following Visa and Mastercard suspensions.” Automaton Media. Mar 26, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/japanese-archive-of-out-of-print-manga-crowdfunded-back-into-existence-following-visa-and-mastercard-suspensions/

Fantia no longer accepting credit cards due to NSFW content
“[Important] Notice to Visa and Mastercard users (May 21, 2024).” Fantia. May 21, 2024. https://spotlight.fantia.jp/news/240521_payment_method

Article about Fanta losing credit card support
Townsend, Verity. “Another Japanese content creators’ platform loses Visa/Mastercard support.” Automaton Media. May 22, 2024. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/another-japanese-content-creators-platform-loses-visa-mastercard-support/

Fantia’s NSFW policy
“Fantia’s safety initiatives.” Fantia. Oct 8, 2021. https://spotlight.fantia.jp/tips/safety

DLSite not accepting credit cards due to NSFW content
“[Important] For customers using Visa or Mastercard [Added 4/4].” Eisys. Apr 3, 2024. https://info.eisys.co.jp/dlsite/69dd17c1c4b21c06

DMM not accepting credit cards due to NSFW content “Why did DMM suddenly stop accepting Mastercard? “We couldn’t agree on the terms” [FANZA response added].” IT Media. Jul 21, 2022. https://nlab.itmedia.co.jp/cont/articles/3340235/

Gumroad’s NSFW policy change
“Adult content on Gumroad.” Gumroad. Archived Mar 15, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240315180244/https://help.gumroad.com/article/156-gumroad-and-adult-content

Gumroad restricting NSFW due to payment processors
Silberling, Amanda. “Gumroad no longer allows most NSFW art, leaving its adult creators panicked.” TechCrunch. Mar 15, 2024. https://techcrunch.com/2024/03/15/gumroad-no-longer-allows-most-nsfw-art-leaving-its-adult-creators-panicked/

Pixiv restricting NSFW due to payment processors “Announcement and request regarding updates to Service Master Terms of Use for certain transactions.” Pixiv. Nov 15, 2022. https://www.pixiv.net/info.php?id=8788

Article about Pixiv changes
Nogishi, Aki. “pixiv to ban transactions on its services regarding certain content including incest and bestiality.” Automaton Media. Nov 16, 2022. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/20221116-16764/

OnlyFans’ letter to creators about shutting down NSFW
@JadeVow. “New OFFICIAL email from Onlyfans today.” Twitter. Aug 20, 2021. https://x.com/JadeVow/status/1428837751269568514

Article about OnlyFans NSFW ban
McLean, Rob. Disis, Jill. “OnlyFans says it will ban sexually explicit content.” CNN. Aug 19, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/19/tech/onlyfans-sexually-explicit-content-ban-intl-hnk/index.html

OnlyFans saying credit card companies were behind the ban
Fung, Brian. “Why did OnlyFans ban sexually explicit content? It says it’s the credit card companies.” CNN. Aug 24, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/20/tech/onlyfans-explicit-content-ban-payment/index.html

Article about the whole OnlyFans situation, and how they reversed the decision
Robertson, Adi. “The payments mess that almost scared OnlyFans away from sex work.” The Verge. Aug 27, 2021. https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/27/22641095/onlyfans-sex-work-ban-online-porn-payment-processing-controversy

The Children of PornHub New York Times article
Kristof, Nicholas. “The Children of Pornhub.” The New York Times. Dec 4, 2020. https://archive.is/Xmz26

PornHub article followup
Kristof, Nicholas. “These Internal Documents Show Why We Shouldn’t Trust Porn Companies.” The New York Times. May 10, 2025. https://archive.is/nitZj

Pornhub requiring verification + prohibiting downloads
Bell, Karissa. “Pornhub ends unverified uploads and bans downloads.” Engadget. Dec 8, 2020. https://www.engadget.com/pornhub-bans-downloads-ends-unverified-uploads-215344129.html

Visa/MasterCard cutting ties with PornHub
Bell, Karissa. “Mastercard and Visa cut off payments to Pornhub.” Engadget. Dec 10, 2020. https://www.engadget.com/mastercard-cuts-off-pornhub-211419184.html

Visa/MasterCard cutting ties with PornHub
“Pornhub: Mastercard and Visa to block use of cards on site after child abuse allegations.” The Guardian. Dec 10, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/dec/10/pornhub-mastercard-visa-rape-child-abuse-images

PornHub’s statement on removing videos
“Our Commitment to Trust and Safety.” Pornhub. Archived Dec 14, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201214134331/https://help.pornhub.com/hc/en-us/categories/360002934613-Trust-and-Safety

Pornhub removing videos
Valinsky, Jordan. “Pornhub removes a majority of its videos after investigation reveals child abuse.” CNN. Dec 15, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/15/business/pornhub-videos-removed

Pornhub removing unverified videos
Cole, Samantha. “Pornhub Just Purged All Unverified Content From the Platform.” Vice. Dec 14, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/pornhub-suspended-all-unverified-videos-content/

Mickelwait’s tweet about Pornhub removing 10 million videos
@LailaMickelwait. “Let’s make 2024 the year we finish the job and shut down P*rnhub!!” Twitter. Feb 25, 2024. https://x.com/lailamickelwait/status/1761847907735490607

PayPal cutting ties with PornHub
Cole, Samantha. “PayPal Pulls Out of Pornhub, Hurting ‘Hundreds of Thousands’ of Performers.” Vice. Nov 14, 2019. https://www.vice.com/en/article/paypal-pulls-out-of-pornhub-payments/

PayPal cutting ties with PornHub
Peters, Jay. “PayPal abruptly cuts off Pornhub’s payroll, leaving performers with few payment options.” The Verge. Nov 14, 2019. https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/14/20965167/paypal-pornhub-payroll-model-program-payment-options-paxum-verge-performers

Visa resuming business with MindGeek
Ray, Siladitya. “Visa Resumes Processing Payments On Some MindGeek Sites But Maintains Freeze On Pornhub.” Forbes. Dec 23, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2020/12/23/visa-resumes-processing-payments-on-some-mindgeek-sites-but-maintains-freeze-on-pornhub/

Visa sued in Pornhub lawsuit
“Pornhub: Judge rules Visa can be sued in abuse claim.” BBC. Aug 2, 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-62372964

Visa’s involvement in Pornhub lawsuit
Sorkin, Andrew Ross. Giang, Vivian. Gandel, Stephen. Hirsch, Lauren. Livni, Ephrat. “The Legal Onslaught Facing Credit Card Companies.” The New York Times. Aug 1, 2022. https://archive.is/frEEI

The official Communications Decency Act
“S.652 - Telecommunications Act of 1996.” Congress.gov. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-bill/652/text

The Communications Decency Act found unconstitutional
“Historic Supreme Court decisions: free expression on the internet and protection for consensual sex.” Cornell Law School. Jun 26, 2008. https://blog.law.cornell.edu/blog/2008/06/26/historic-supreme-court-decisions-free-expression-on-the-internet-and-protection-for-consensual-sex/

Doe v MySpace
Volftsun, Anna. Carah, Nicola. “Doe v. Myspace, Inc.: Fifth Circuit Holds No Safety Exception to Communications Decency Act ISP Immunity.” Jolt Digest. May 30, 2008. https://jolt.law.harvard.edu/digest/doe-v-myspace-inc

Dart v Craigslist
He, Ye (Helen). Engle, Eric. “Dart v. Craigslist, Inc.: Charges against Craigslist for their “Adult Services” section dismissed by Illinois District Court.” Jolt Digest. Oct 24, 2009. https://jolt.law.harvard.edu/digest/dart-v-craigslist-inc

Morality in Media’s history
Lewis, Neil A. “Federal Effort on Web Obscenity Shows Few Results.” The New York Times. Aug 10, 2007. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/10/us/10obscene.html?ref=us

More history of MiM
Brown, Nolan Elizabeth. “The New Campaign for a Sex-Free Internet.” Reason. May 2022. https://reason.com/2022/04/09/the-new-campaign-for-a-sex-free-internet/

MiM starting out as Operation Yorkville
Bates, Stephen. “Father Hill and Fanny Hill: An Activist Group’s Crusade to Remake Obscenity Law.” UNC School of Law. Mar 1, 2010. https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1117&context=falr

MiM asking Reagan to regulate pornography
Hoffman, David. “Reagan Hears Pleas to Battle Pornography.” The Washington Post. Mar 28, 1983. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/03/29/reagan-hears-pleas-to-battle-pornography/9e4f1a29-92d8-4827-b583-56d9f1094fae/

MiM picketing adult stores
Chicurel, Judy. “Morality in Media Takes On Adult Stores.” The New York Times. Jun 17, 1990. https://archive.ph/20200527011534/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/17/nyregion/morality-in-media-takes-on-adult-stores.html

MiM protesting Life of Brian
“‘Life of Brian’ Film Attacked by Clergymen.” The Washington Post. Sep 6, 1979. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1979/09/07/life-of-brian-film-attacked-by-clergymen/e96fd9de-7e2b-4194-8f20-e0f0ca0d580d/

MiM founder’s hilarious “Connecting the Dots” article
Peters, Roberts. “Connecting the Dots: The Link Between Gay Marriage and Mass Murders.” Christian News Wire. Archived Apr 12, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090412124433/http://www.christiannewswire.com/news/904759988.html

Coverage of MiM’s “gay marriage leads to mass murder” statement
Corn, David. “Gay Marriage Leads To Mass Murder?” Mother Jones. Apr 9, 2009. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2009/04/gay-marriage-leads-mass-murder/

Paper highlighting MiM’s “The war is over” quote
Stone, Geofrrey R. “Sexual Expression and Free Speech: How Our Values Have (D)evolved.” American Bar Association. Nov 19, 2018. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/resources/human-rights/archive/sexual-expression-free-speech-how-our-values-have-devolved/

Morality in Media rebrands as NCOSE
“Morality In Media, Inc. is changing its name to National Center on Sexual Exploitation in 2015 to better describe our scope and mission to expose the seamless connection between all forms of sexual exploitation.” Morality in Media. Archived Sep 29, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150929031037/http://moralityinmedia.org/

NCOSE supporting anti-gay laws in Africa
Wilson, Jason. “Revealed: how a US far-right group is influencing anti-gay policies in Africa.” The Guardian. May 30, 2024. https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/may/30/us-far-right-group-influencing-anti-gay-policy-africa

FOSTA’s official page
“H.R.1865 - Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017.” Congress.gov. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/1865/text

SESTA official page
“S.1693 - Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act of 2017.” Congress.gov. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/1693

Article about SESTA-FOSTA passing (sources call it FOSTA-SESTA, but that sounds wrong to me)
Jackman, Tom. “House passes anti-online sex trafficking bill, allows targeting of websites like Backpage.com.” The Washington Post. Feb 27, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2018/02/27/house-passes-anti-online-sex-trafficking-bill-allows-targeting-of-websites-like-backpage-com/

Paper about NCOSE’s support for SESTA-FOSTA
Chapman-Schmidt, Ben. “‘Sex Trafficking’ as Epistemic Violence.” Anti-Trafficking Review (Issue 12). 2019. p172-187. https://www.antitraffickingreview.org/index.php/atrjournal/article/view/384/325

NCOSE’s own site showing support for SESTA-FOSTA
“Abolitionists Applaud Presidential Signing of FOSTA-SESTA, Provide Resources for Sex Trade Survivors.” NCOSE. Apr 12, 2018. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/abolitionists-applaud-fosta-sesta-resources/

Vox article about website censorship following SESTA FOSTA
Romano, Aja. “A new law intended to curb sex trafficking threatens the future of the internet as we know it.” Vox. Jul 2, 2018. https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/4/13/17172762/fosta-sesta-backpage-230-internet-freedom

Exodus Cry’s shady history article
Hitt, Tarpley. “Inside Exodus Cry: The Shady Evangelical Group With Trump Ties Waging War on Pornhub.” Daily Beast. Oct 16, 2020. https://www.thedailybeast.com/inside-exodus-cry-the-shady-evangelical-group-with-trump-ties-waging-war-on-pornhub/?ref=author

Exodus Cry’s shady past, per Vice
Cole, Samantha. “How a Petition to Shut Down Pornhub Got Two Million Signatures.” Vice. Sep 1, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/petition-shut-down-pornhub-trafficking-hub-earn-it/

Laila Mickelwait credited as director at Exodus Cry
Garcia, Daniel. “The Article that Sparked the Traffickinghub Movement.” Exodus Cry. Jun 15, 2020. https://exoduscry.com/articles/the-article-that-sparked-the-traffickinghub-movement/

Article about Mickelwait, Exodus Cry, and NCOSE being connected over shutting down PornHub
Fabiana, Alma. “A closer look at Exodus Cry, the shady group behind Pornhub’s recent purge.” Screenshot Media. Dec 19, 2020. https://screenshot-media.com/politics/human-rights/pornhub-purge-exodus-cry/

Exodus Cry founder’s controversial tweets
Assunção, Muri. “Melissa McCarthy apologizes for unintentionally backing organization with reported anti-LGBTQ, anti-abortion ties.” Chicago Tribune. Dec 1, 2020. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2020/11/13/melissa-mccarthy-apologizes-for-unintentionally-backing-organization-with-reported-anti-lgbtq-anti-abortion-ties/

Exodus Cry founder’s controversial tweets
Rosen, Christopher. “Melissa McCarthy Apologizes for Supporting Charity with Anti-LGBTQ Past.” Vanity Fair. Nov 13, 2020. https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2020/11/melissa-mccarthy-exodus-cry-apology

Article about Exodus Cry and NCOSE’s connection to extremism
Cole, Samantha. “The Crusade Against Pornhub Is Going to Get Someone Killed.” Vice. Apr 13, 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/anti-porn-extremism-pornhub-traffickinghub-exodus-cry-ncose/

Exodus Cry leader sexual misconduct scandal
Deville, Cherie. “An Anti-Porn Leader Is Accused and the Media’s Silence Is Deafening.” RollingStone. Nov 11, 2023. https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-commentary/anti-porn-leader-mike-bickle-sexual-misconduct-exodus-cry-media-silence-1234875782/

TraffickingHub’s official site
“Traffickinghub.” Traffickinghub. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://traffickinghub.com/

TraffickingHub’s petition to shut down Pornhub
Mickelwait, Laila. “Shut Down Pornhub and Hold Its Executives Accountable for Aiding Trafficking.” Trafficking Hub Petition. Accessed Jul 20, 2020. https://traffickinghubpetition.com/

Article about Kristof’s article and TraffickingHub
Cole, Samantha. “‘War Against Sex Workers:’’ What Visa and Mastercard Dropping Pornhub Means to Performers.” Vice. Dec 11, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/sex-workers-what-visa-and-mastercard-dropping-pornhub-means-to-performers/

NCOSE calling for payment processors to shut down PornHub
“International Coalition Calls on Major Card Companies to Cease Work with Porn Industry.” NCOSE. May 7, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/international-coalition-calls-on-major-card-companies-to-cease-work-with-porn-industry/

NCOSE calling for payment processors to shut down PornHub
“STATEMENT – Credit Card Companies Must Cease Processing Payments for Pornhub.” NCOSE. Dec 7, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/statement-credit-card-companies-must-cease-processing-payments-for-pornhub/

Another Exodus Cry campaign to pressure payment processors
Burnett, Olivia. “After Traffickinghub Pressure, Mastercard Enacts Policies to Eliminate Porn of Trafficking, Rape, Child Abuse.” Exodus Cry. Oct 15, 2021. https://exoduscry.com/articles/after-traffickinghub-pressure-mastercard-enacts-policies-to-eliminate-porn-of-trafficking-rape-child-abuse/

Fleites v Mindgeek being excepted from Section 230 by SESTA-FOSTA “FLEITES v. MINDGEEK (2022).” United States District Court, C.D. California. Jul 29, 2022. https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-dis-crt-cd-cal/1913266.html

Visa’s motion to be dismissed from MindGeek lawsuit “SERENA FLEITES v. MINDGEEK S.A.R.L., ET AL.” United States District Court, C.D. California. Archived Aug 1, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220801021022/https://pershingsquarefoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/031138281455.pdf

Visa not dismissed from PornHub lawsuit
Sorkin, Andrew Ross. Giang, Vivian. Gandel, Stephen. Hirsch, Lauren. Livni, Ephrat. “The Legal Onslaught Facing Credit Card Companies.” The New York Times. Aug 1, 2022. https://archive.is/frEEI

Visa not dismissed from PornHub lawsuit
“Pornhub: Judge rules Visa can be sued in abuse claim.” BBC. Aug 2, 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-62372964

Kristof’s writeup of Visa not being dismissed from lawsuit
Kristof, Nicholas. “Holding Pornhub Accountable for Monetizing Child Rapes.” Substack. Jul 31, 2022. https://nickkristof.substack.com/p/holding-pornhub-accountable-for-monetizing

Mickelwait claiming 27 lawsuits against MindGeek
@LailaMickelwait. “FYI, here is a reference for the 27 lawsuits filed by victims against P*rnhub since 2020.” Twitter. Jul 4, 2025. https://x.com/LailaMickelwait/status/1941198581274378353

MindGeek v Fleites seemingly later got dismissed, and Visa possibly dismissed as defendant, though this case wasn’t made available to the public and I have no idea if it could be used as a precedent to prevent future lawsuits
“Judge tentatively dismisses Visa from Pornhub sex trafficking lawsuits.” Courthouse News Service. Apr 24, 2025. https://www.courthousenews.com/judge-tentatively-dismisses-visa-from-pornhub-sex-trafficking-lawsuits/

The MindGeek v Fleited motion to dismiss (redacted)
“MEMORANDUM OF POINTS AND AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORT OF MOTION TO DISMISS OF DEFENDANTS MINDGEEK S.A R.L.” UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/fleites-vs-mindgeek-motion-to-dismiss-sac.pdf

Cards make up 40-45% of all purchases made in the EU in 2024
“Study on the payment attitudes of consumers in the euro area 2024.” European Central Bank. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/ecb_surveys/space/html/ecb.space2024~19d46f0f17.en.html

Cards make up 65% of app purchases made in the US in 2024
“2025 Findings from the Diary of Consumer Payment Choice.” The Federal Reserve. 2025. https://www.frbservices.org/binaries/content/assets/crsocms/news/research/2025-diary-of-consumer-payment-choice.pdf

Three companies process 97% of all credit card transactions worldwide
“Credit Card Market Share Statistics.” Capital One Shopping Research. Nov 25, 2025. https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/credit-card-market-share-statistics/

Visa/MC’s control over global payments
Westberg, Peter. “Visa and Mastercard: The Global Payment Duopoly.” Quartr. Feb 27, 2024. https://quartr.com/insights/edge/visa-and-mastercard-the-global-payment-duopoly

Digital wallets make up 53% of online purchases worldwide
“Most Popular Online Payment Methods.” Capital One Shopping Research. May 7, 2025. https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/most-popular-online-payment-methods/

PayPal makes up 44% of all online purchases worldwide
“PayPal Statistics.” Capital One Shopping Research. Sep 10, 2025. https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/paypal-statistics/

Exodus Cry championing Kristof’s article and trying to tie him to their movement
Smith, Lexie. “Pornhub Concedes to Major Demands of Traffickinghub Movement After NY Times Exposé.” Exodus Cry. Dec 8, 2020. https://exoduscry.com/articles/pornhub-concedes-to-traffickinghub-movement-removes-download-button/

VISA Japan’s press conference and Seetan Kitney quote
Ryozo, Ohta. “Visa’s increasingly sophisticated payment service goes beyond touch to “tokens”.” Impress Watch. Nov 27, 2024. https://www.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/1642732.html

VISA CEO Al Kelly interviewed about dropping PornHub
Luscombe, Belinda. “Russia, Guns and Pornhub: How Outgoing Visa CEO Al Kelly Navigated His Final Stretch in the Top Spot.” Time. Jan 31, 2023. https://time.com/6250487/visa-ceo-al-kelly-leadership-brief/

Article about how vague and harmful SESTA-FOSTA is
Jackman, Tom. “House passes anti-online sex trafficking bill, allows targeting of websites like Backpage.com.” The Washington Post. Feb 27, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2018/02/27/house-passes-anti-online-sex-trafficking-bill-allows-targeting-of-websites-like-backpage-com/

Article about how vague and harmful SESTA-FOSTA is
Romano, Aja. “A new law intended to curb sex trafficking threatens the future of the internet as we know it.” Vox. Jul 2, 2018. https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/4/13/17172762/fosta-sesta-backpage-230-internet-freedom

Article about how vague and harmful SESTA-FOSTA is
Harmon, Elliot. “How Congress Censored the Internet.” Electronic Frontier Foundation. Mar 21, 2018. https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2018/03/how-congress-censored-internet

SESTA-FOSTA being called a “disaster”
“New GAO Report confirms: FOSTA-SESTA has been a disaster.” Fight For The Future. Jun 22, 2021. https://www.fightforthefuture.org/news/2021-06-22-new-gao-report-confirms-fosta-sesta-has-been-a/

SESTA-FOSTA being called a “proven failure”
Cole, Samantha. “The Congresswoman Behind FOSTA Is Coming for OnlyFans.” Vice. Aug 12, 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/ann-wagner-fosta-onlyfans-csam-doj-letter/

ACLU criticizing SESTA-FOSTA
Moraff, Laura. “How Online Censorship Harms Sex Workers and LGBTQ Communities.” ACLU. Jun 27, 2022. https://www.aclu.org/news/civil-liberties/how-online-censorship-harms-sex-workers-and-lgbtq-communities

VICE criticizing SESTA-FOSTA
Cole, Samantha. “Pimps Are Preying on Sex Workers Pushed Off the Web Because of FOSTA-SESTA.” Vice. Apr 30, 2018. https://www.vice.com/en/article/fosta-sesta-sex-work-and-trafficking/

Senator saying SESTA can make it harder to prosecute criminals
“Wyden Issues Warning About SESTA.” Ron Wyden. Nov 8, 2017. https://www.wyden.senate.gov/news/press-releases/wyden-issues-warning-about-sesta

SESTA-FOSTA GAO Report “SEX TRAFFICKING: Online Platforms and Federal Prosecutions.” GAO. Jun 2021. https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-21-385-highlights.pdf

Ann Wagner’s OnlyFans DOJ letter
“Congresswoman Ann Wagner Leads Bipartisan Coalition Calling for DOJ to Investigate OnlyFans for Child Exploitation.” Ann Wagner. Aug 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210820015229/https://wagner.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congresswoman-ann-wagner-leads-bipartisan-coalition-calling-for-doj-to

Vice article about Ann Wagner and OnlyFans
Cole, Samantha. “The Congresswoman Behind FOSTA Is Coming for OnlyFans.” Vice. Aug 12, 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/ann-wagner-fosta-onlyfans-csam-doj-letter/

OnlyFan’s statement on banks being the reason for policy change Nilsson, Patricia. “OnlyFans founder blames banks for porn ban.” Financial Times. Aug 24, 2021. https://archive.is/Aqx8x

OnlyFans complaint whistleblower + anti–trafficking groups pressuring them to cut ties Marshall, Andrew R.C. So, Linda. “Exclusive: Mastercard, Visa failed to stop payments on OnlyFans for child sex-abuse content, says whistleblower.” Reuters. Jan 24, 2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-whistleblower-says-mastercard-visa-failed-stop-payments-child-sex-abuse-2025-01-24/

Mastercard’s policy change statement
Verdeschi, John. “Protecting our network, protecting you: Preventing illegal adult content on our network.” Mastercard. Apr 14, 2021. https://newsroom.mastercard.com/news/perspectives/2021/protecting-our-network-protecting-you-preventing-illegal-adult-content-on-our-network/

Mastercard’s official policy change
“AN 5196 Revised Standards for New Specialty Merchant Registration Requirements for Adult Content Merchants.” Mastercard. Apr 13, 2021. https://segpay.com/MC_RevisedStandardsForNewSpecialtyMerchantRegistrationRequirementsForAdultContentMerchants.pdf

Mastercard being lobbied by NCOSE and Exodus Cry
Veljanovski, Lydia. “Why Is OnlyFans Banning Content? Visa and Mastercard Blamed for Shock Move.” Newsweek. Aug 20, 2021. https://www.newsweek.com/why-visa-mastercard-being-blamed-onlyfans-banning-explicit-content-pornography-1621570

More coverage of OnlyFans being pressured by Visa and Mastercard
Brown, Hayes. “OnlyFans banning ’explicit content’ won’t end well for anyone.” MS Now. Aug 20, 2021. https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/onlyfans-banning-explicit-content-won-t-end-well-anyone-n1277342

NCMEC CSAM numbers for OnlyFans and Facebook
Cole, Samantha. “The Congresswoman Behind FOSTA Is Coming for OnlyFans.” Vice. Aug 12, 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/ann-wagner-fosta-onlyfans-csam-doj-letter/

Facebook’s self-published CSAM numbers (20 million is such an inconcievably large amount)
“Child Sexual Exploitation, Abuse, and Nudity.” Facebook. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://transparency.meta.com/policies/community-standards/child-sexual-exploitation-abuse-nudity/#data

PornHub claiming they were targeted by anti-porn groups
“The latest on our commitment to trust and safety.” Pornhub. Jul 18, 2022. https://www.pornhub.com/blog/the-latest-on-our-commitment-to-trust-and-safety

Mickelwait’s op ed calling to shut PornHub down
Mickelwait, Laila. “Time to shut Pornhub down.” Washington Examiner. Feb 9, 2020. https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/1107444/time-to-shut-pornhub-down/

NCOSE calling to abolish pornography
“The Way to Fix the Pornography Industry’s Rape Problem is to Abolish Pornography.” NCOSE. Aug 5, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/the-way-to-fix-the-pornography-industrys-rape-problem-is-to-abolish-pornography/

NCOSE board member calling porn a tool of Satan DeHaas, Ron. “The Perfect Sin.” Covenant Eyes. Jul 26, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20231118213515/https://www.covenanteyes.com/2008/01/17/the-perfect-sin/

Article covering NCOSE board member calling porn a tool of Satan
Cole, Samantha. “How a Petition to Shut Down Pornhub Got Two Million Signatures.” Vice. Sep 1, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/petition-shut-down-pornhub-trafficking-hub-earn-it/

NCOSE targeting HuniePop
“Popular PC Gaming Store Hosts “Candy Crush with Porn”-style Video Game.” NCOSE. Jan 16, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/popular-pc-gaming-store-hosts-candy-crush-with-porn-style-videogame/

NCOSE targeting HuniePop and other porn games
Hawkins, Dawn. “VICTORY: Steam to remove sexually explicit and violent videogames from platform.” NCOSE. May 18, 2018. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/victory-steam-remove-sexually-explicit-violent-videogames-platform/

NCOSE going after Steam games
Valens, Ana. “Steam is removing visual novels with sexual themes after pressure from the National Center on Sexual Exploitation.” Gamepur. May 18, 2018. https://www.gamepur.com/news/steam-visual-novels-porn-religious-organization

NCOSE’s campaign against Steam
“Steam Lists Video Game Featuring Rape & Murder of Women.” NCOSE. Mar 6, 2019. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/steam-rape-day-game/

NCOSE’s campaign against Steam
“STATEMENT – Popular Video Game Company Steam Portrays Rape as Entertainment.” NCOSE. Apr 20, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/popular-video-game-company-steam-portrays-rape-as-entertainment/

Exodus Cry going after video game “pornography”
McQueen, MAdison. “Disney, Fortnite and Pokemon: The Animated Porn Luring Kids to Porn Sites.” Exodus Cry. Jun 16, 2022. https://exoduscry.com/articles/disney-fortnite-and-pokemon-the-animated-porn-luring-kids-to-porn-sites/

Collective Shout taking responsibility for Steam changes
Litchfield, Ted. “Australian anti-porn group claims responsibility for Steam’s new censorship rules in victory against ‘porn sick brain rotted pedo gamer fetishists’, and things only get weirder from there.” PC Gamer. Jul 20, 2025. https://www.pcgamer.com/gaming-industry/australian-anti-porn-group-claims-responsibility-for-steams-new-censorship-rules-in-victory-against-porn-sick-brain-rotted-pedo-gamer-fetishists-and-things-only-get-weirder-from-there/

Collective Shout taking responsibility for Steam changes, per now-deleted Vice article
Valens, Ana. “This Group Takes Responsibility for Steam’s Payment Processor Censorship Policies — They Just Implied ‘Pervert Nerds’ Cause Society’s Problems.” Vice. Jul 18, 2025. https://archive.is/vEWGH

Collective Shout taking responsibility for Steam changes
Gach, Ethan. “Anti-Porn Group Declares Win Over ‘Pedo Gamer Fetishists’ After Steam’s Mass Sex Game Purge.” Kotaku. Jul 21, 2025. https://kotaku.com/steam-sex-censorship-hentai-gta-5-collective-shout-1851786636

Collective Shout campaign to ban GTA V
“Over 40,000 sign petition calling on Target to withdraw GTA V for extreme violence against women.” Collective Shout. Dec 3, 2014. https://www.collectiveshout.org/prostitution_survivors_call_on_target_to_withdraw_gta_v_for_extreme_violence_against_women

Collective Shout campaign to ban Detroit: Become Human
@CollectiveShout. “Stop video game Detroit: Become Human, depicting child abuse and violence against women, being sold in Australia.” Twitter. Feb 16, 2018. https://x.com/CollectiveShout/status/964663931439480834

Collective Shout campaign to ban Detroit: Become Human
Barbe, Rebecca. “Stop video game Detroit: Become Human, depicting child abuse being sold in Australia.” Change.org. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.change.org/p/the-hon-christian-porter-mp-stop-video-game-depicting-child-abuse-being-sold-in-australia

Collective Shout campaign to boycott 50 Shades of Gray
“Fifty dollars not Fifty Shades.” Collective Shout. Feb 12, 2015. https://www.collectiveshout.org/fifty_dollars_not_fifty_shades

Collective Shout campaign to ban Tyler the Creator from Australia
“Add your name to the letter - Immigration Minister: Deny visa for Tyler the Creator.” Collective Shout. Jun 10, 2015. https://www.collectiveshout.org/immigration_minister_deny_visa_tyler_the_creator

Collective Shout campaign to ban Eminem from Australia
“We don’t want Eminem here: Anti violence groups combine to condemn tour.” Collective Shout. Feb 12, 2014. https://www.collectiveshout.org/we_don_t_want_eminem_here_anti_violence_groups_combine_to_condemn_tour

Collective Shout campaign to ban Snoop Dogg from Australia
“Immigration Minister: revoke pimp rapper Snoop Dogg’s visa.” Collective Shout. Dec 16, 2013. https://www.collectiveshout.org/immigration_minister_revoke_pimp_rapper_snoop_dogg_s_visa

Tyler the Creator campaign being a failure
“Tyler, The Creator is not banned from Australia despite what he thinks.” BBC. Jul 28, 2015. https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-33695892

Collective Shout’s No Mercy campaign
Roper, Caitlin. “Win: No Mercy rape game removed from Itch.” Collective Shout. Apr 17, 2025. https://www.collectiveshout.org/win-no-mercy-rape-game-removed-itch

List of Collective Shout campaigns
“Our Record-Breaking Year of Wins! Celebrating 34 Victories in 2024.” Collective Shout. Dec 13, 2024. https://www.collectiveshout.org/wins-and-highlights-2024

Collective Shout’s Spotify campaign
Chopping, Renee. “WE DID IT – Spotify Removes All of Tate’s Trafficking Courses.” Collective Shout. Mar 18, 2025. https://www.collectiveshout.org/spotify-removes-trafficking-courses

Collective Shout’s Steam + Itchio payment processor open letter
“Open letter to payment processors profiting from rape, incest + child abuse games on Steam.” Collective Shout. Jul 11, 2025. https://www.collectiveshout.org/open-letter-to-payment-processors

Itchio’s NSFW policy update
“Update on NSFW content.” Itch.io. Jul 24, 2025. https://itch.io/updates/update-on-nsfw-content

Collective Shout on NCOSE’s PornHub open letter
“International Coalition Calls on Major Card Companies to Cease Work with Porn Industry.” NCOSE. May 7, 2020. https://endsexualexploitation.org/articles/international-coalition-calls-on-major-card-companies-to-cease-work-with-porn-industry/

Collective Shout’s OnlyFans article
Chopping, Renee. “New Report on OnlyFans: A Case Study of Exploitation in the Digital Age.” Collective Shout. Jan 13, 2022. https://www.collectiveshout.org/onlyfans_a_case_study_of_exploitation_in_the_digital_age

Collective Shout’s OnlyFans article
Roper, Caitlin. ““I told myself it was empowering”: The truth about OnlyFans.” Collective Shout. Sep 7, 2021. https://www.collectiveshout.org/i_told_myself_it_was_empowering_onlyfans

Melinda Tankard Reist described as a pro-lifer and religious conservative Hills, Rachel. “Who’s afraid of Melinda Tankard Reist?” The Sydney Morning Herald. Jan 8, 2012. https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/whos-afraid-of-melinda-tankard-reist-20120110-1psdx.html

Collective Shout retweeting anti-trans hate speech
@MeghanEMurphy. “Pervert nerds are responsible for most of society’s ills prove me wrong.” Twitter. Archived Jul 20, 2025. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/J15LR

Collective Shout calling people “porn sick brain rotted pedo gamer fetishists”
@CollectiveShout. “All these porn sick brain rotted pedo gamer fetishists so desperate to get their hands on rape-my-little-sister incest games they’re now exchanging clues on how to find them so that they don’t all die overnight.” Twitter. Archived Jul 20, 2025. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/J15LR

VICE article about Collective Shout’s campaign against Steam not having proof of childlike characters, which was taken down
Valens, Ana. “This Group Takes Responsibility for Steam’s Payment Processor Censorship Policies — They Just Implied ‘Pervert Nerds’ Cause Society’s Problems.” Vice. Jul 18, 2025. https://archive.is/vEWGH

Other VICE article about Collective Shout that was taken down
Valens, Ana. “Group Behind Steam Censorship Policies Have Powerful Allies — And Targeted Popular Games With Outlandish Claims.” Vice. Jul 19, 2025. https://archive.is/x5cGQ

Ana Valens profile on VICE’s website
“Ana Valens.” Vice. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.vice.com/en/contributor/ana-valens-2/

Ana Valens reporting their VICE articles were takedown
@acvalens.net. “VICE’s owner Savage Ventures has requested the removal of my Collective Shout articles.” Bluesky. Jul 20, 2025. https://web.archive.org/web/20251219044508/https://bsky.app/profile/acvalens.net/post/3lufjdqmhxs2v

Ana Valens leaving VICE
@acvalensVT. “VICE’s owner Savage Ventures has requested the removal of my Collective Shout articles.” Twitter. Jul 20, 2025. https://x.com/acvalensVT/status/1946916010746847681

Ana Valens leaving VICE
@acvalensVT. “Savage Ventures requested I no longer contribute to VICE shortly after 11am EST, several hours after my announcement.” Twitter. Jul 20, 2025. https://x.com/acvalensvt/status/1946992236853399758

Ana Valens leaving VICE
@acvalensVT. “One of my coworkers is also leaving VICE after the Collective Shout articles were pulled.” Twitter. Jul 20, 2025. https://x.com/acvalensvt/status/1946995715747553772

Article about VICE articles taken down and others writers quitting
Macleod, Riley. “Waypoint Writers Quit Over Removal Of Articles Related To New Steam Policy.” Aftermath. Jul 20, 2025. https://aftermath.site/waypoint-quit-steam-vice

Collective Shout’s campaign to ban porn on Twitter
Chopping, Renee. “Ban Porn on X: Why Elon Musk Needs to Clean Up His Platform.” Collective Shout. Feb 13, 2025. https://www.collectiveshout.org/ban-prn-on-x

illusionsoft saying they don’t make games for overseas
“Japan software firm shrugs off rape game protests.” Intellasia. May 11, 2009. https://archive.ph/20130502084343/http://www.intellasia.net/japan-software-firm-shrugs-off-rape-game-protests-98705

Article about RapeLay being sold on Amazon
Fennelly, Gary. “Exclusive: Amazon selling rape simulation game.” Belfast Telegraph. Feb 12, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20130111163209/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk:80/news/local-national/amazon-selling-3d-rape-simulator-game-14183546.html

RapeLay, the game banned in Australia by Melinda Tankard Reist
“RapeLay.” Wikipedia. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapeLay

Melinda Tankard Reist going after RapeLay
Hills, Rachel. “Who’s afraid of Melinda Tankard Reist?” The Sydney Morning Herald. Jan 8, 2012. https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/whos-afraid-of-melinda-tankard-reist-20120110-1psdx.html

Taro Yamada tweet about Steam not paying Japanese NSFW game devs
@yamadataro43. “This time, it’s expression regulation by banks!?” Twitter. Jan 28, 2025. https://x.com/yamadataro43/status/1884471160492183770

Article about Steam not paying Japanese NSFW game devs
Townsend, Verity. “Japanese developers on Steam can’t receive revenue from adult games due to Japanese banks blocking transfers.” Automaton Media. Jan 30, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/japanese-developers-on-steam-cant-receive-revenue-from-adult-games-due-to-japanese-banks-blocking-transfers/

Yamada going to Visa US’s headquarters
@yamadataro43. “【#Kobayashi Fumaki praises the “persistence” of #Yamada Taro, who went all the way to the US VISA headquarters over the #credit card issue!!】” Twitter. Jul 6, 2025. https://x.com/yamadataro43/status/1941996280676560903

Article about Yamada and their stances on anime
Pearson, Ryan. “Japanese “Otaku Politician” Yamada Taro Proposes Law to End Hentai and Pornography Censorship.” Niche Gamer. Nov 20, 2019. https://nichegamer.com/japanese-otaku-politician-yamada-taro-proposes-law-to-end-hentai-and-pornography-censorship/

Yamada’s tweet about UN report about Japanese anime and video games
@yamadataro43. “The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) published its “Concluding Observations on the Ninth Periodic Report of Japan” on October 29.” Twitter. Oct 29, 2024. https://x.com/yamadataro43/status/1851290494669930984

Sanseito’s proposed policies, including government regulation of anime
“Policies of the Party of the Democratic Party.” Sanseito. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://sanseito.jp/political_measures_2025/specific_policies/

Sanseito’s “Jewish capital” quote
“Populist Japanese Politician Who Railed Against ‘Jewish Capital’ Wins Parliamentary Seat.” The Algemeiner. Jul 11, 2022. https://www.algemeiner.com/2022/07/11/populist-japanese-politician-who-railed-against-jewish-capital-wins-parliamentary-seat/

More info on Sanseito and their history
V, Amber. “Japanese political party wants video games and anime to be put under state authority to make sure they’re “wholesome,” and people are angry.” Automaton Media. Jul 17, 2025. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/japanese-political-party-wants-video-games-and-anime-to-be-put-under-state-authority-to-make-sure-theyre-wholesome-and-people-are-angry/

Yamada reporting they were re-elected
@yamadataro43. “In the 25th House of Councillors ordinary election, I was reported by various media outlets as a certain winner as a national proportional representation candidate.” Twitter. Jul 21, 2019. https://x.com/yamadataro43/status/1152904410374131712

Yamada reporting they were re-elected
@yamadataro43. “This is Taro Yamada. In this House of Councillors election, where I challenged for re-election, reports from various media outlets immediately announced my definite victory at 8 PM.” Twitter. Jul 20, 2025. https://x.com/yamadataro43/status/1946894264270815539

Sanseito’s recent election results Yeung, Jessie. “How did a right-wing populist party that began on YouTube win big in Japan’s recent election?” CNN. Jul 21, 2025. https://www.cnn.com/2025/07/21/asia/how-did-a-far-right-party-that-began-on-youtube-win-big-in-japans-recent-election

Article translating Yoko Taro’s payment processor tweets
V, Amber. ““It’s a security hole that endangers democracy itself.” NieR creator speaks out against payment processors pressuring Japanese adult content platforms.” Automaton Media. Nov 6, 2024. https://automaton-media.com/en/news/nier-creator-speaks-out-against-payment-processors-pressuring-japanese-adult-content-platforms/

Yoko Taro’s tweet about payment processors
@yokotaro. “It’s not just about adult content regulations or freedom of expression—there’s a real sense that this is turning into a security hole for democracy as a whole.” Twitter. Nov 5, 2024. https://x.com/yokotaro/status/1853841460531229118

Fumio Kishida’s “I’ll handle it” tweet
@kishida230. “Credit card issue, I’ll handle it.” Twitter. Jul 7, 2025. https://x.com/kishida230/status/1942159515711164870

Dart v. Backpage
“BACKPAGE.COM v. THOMAS J. DART.” United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit. Nov 30, 2015. https://media.ca7.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/rssExec.pl?Submit=Display&Path=Y2015/D11-30/C:15-3047:J:Posner:aut:T:fnOp:N:1663542:S:0

Article covering Dart v. Backpage
Sullum, Jacob. “Backpage.com Wins First Amendment Victory Against Censorious Sheriff.” Reason. Jan 12, 2015. https://reason.com/2015/12/01/backpagecom-wins-first-amendment-victory/

Operation Choke Point article
Zywicki, Todd. “Operation Choke Point.” The Washington Post. May 24, 2014. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/05/24/operation-choke-point/

Government speech about Operation Choke Point
“Financial Fraud Enforcement Task Force Executive DirectorMichael J. Bresnickat the Exchequer Club of Washington, D.C.” U.S Department of Justice Archives. Mar 20, 2013. https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/speech/financial-fraud-enforcement-task-force-executive-director-michael-j-bresnick-exchequer

Engadget article “PayPal, Square, and Big Banking’s war on the sex industry”
Blue, Violet. “PayPal, Square and big banking’s war on the sex industry.” Engadget. Dec 2, 2015. https://www.engadget.com/2015-12-02-paypal-square-and-big-bankings-war-on-the-sex-industry.html

Free Speech Coalition report showing 63% of adult industry workers have been denied finanical services
“Financial Discrimination And The Adult Industry.” Free Speech Coalition. May 2023. https://action.freespeechcoalition.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Financial-Discrimination-and-the-Adult-Industry-Updated-May-2023.pdf

Patreon’s NSFW censorship that caused many to be denied by the platform
Alptraum. Lux. “Patreon Ends Payments Discrimination Against Adult Content.” Vice. Jul 27, 2016. https://www.vice.com/en/article/patreon-paypal-adult-content/

Patreon’s NSFW censorship that caused many to be denied by the platform
Cooper, Daniel. “Patreon moves to restrict adult content on its crowdfunding site.” Engadget. Oct 23, 2017. https://www.engadget.com/2017-10-23-patreon-moves-to-restrict-adult-content-on-its-crowdfunding-site.html

Patreon’s NSFW censorship that caused many to be denied by the platform
Cooper, Daniel. “The real consequences of Patreon’s adult content crackdown.” Engadget. Oct 27, 2017. https://www.engadget.com/2017-10-27-patreon-adult-content-crowdfunding-uncertainty.html

Paper showing porn made more money than Hollywood
Simpson, Nicola. “Coming attractions: A comparative history of the Hollywood Studio System and the porn business.” Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television (Vol 24, Issue 4). 2004. p635-652. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0143968042000293900

Report that the porn industry was worth $97 billion
Fattah, Geoffrey. “Porn industry is booming globally.” Deseret News. Mar 17, 2007. https://www.deseret.com/2007/3/17/20007997/porn-industry-is-booming-globally/

PayPal’s old policy against NSFW content
“PayPal Acceptable Use Policy.” PayPal. Archived Dec 21, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131221020602/https://www.paypal.com/us/webapps/mpp/ua/acceptableuse-full

PayPal’s new policy against NSFW content
“What is PayPal’s policy on transactions that involve sexually oriented goods and services?” PayPal. Accessed Jul 20, 2025. https://www.paypal.com/us/cshelp/article/what-is-paypal%E2%80%99s-policy-on-transactions-that-involve-sexually-oriented-goods-and-services-help384

PayPal denying Pornhub payments
Cole, Samantha. “PayPal Pulls Out of Pornhub, Hurting ‘Hundreds of Thousands’ of Performers.” Vice. Nov 14, 2019. https://www.vice.com/en/article/paypal-pulls-out-of-pornhub-payments/

Fair Access to Banking Act
“S.401 - Fair Access to Banking Act.” Congress.gov. Feb 4, 2025. https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/401/text

Fair Access to Banking Act
“H.R.987 - Fair Access to Banking Act.” Congress.gov. Feb 5, 2025. https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/987/text

The real purpose of the Fair Access to Banking Act
“Cramer Reintroduces Fair Access to Banking Act to Protect Legal Industries from Debanking.” Kevin Cramer. Feb 5, 2025. https://www.cramer.senate.gov/news/press-releases/cramer-reintroduces-fair-access-to-banking-act-to-protect-legal-industries-from-debanking

Article about how groups target credit card companies to shut down websites
https://www.bu.edu/articles/2023/suing-visa-to-shut-down-pornhub/

Paper about payment processors’ role in sexual content
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/13634607241305579

Another article about financial discrimination in the adult industry
https://archive.is/u05pT

Another article about financial discrimination in the adult industry
https://archive.is/HyNp3

Another article about financial discrimination in the adult industry
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/oct/16/sex-discrimination-why-banks-shun-workers-in-adult-entertainment

Another article about financial discrimination in the adult industry
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/30/internet-porn-says-more-about-ourselves-than-technology

YuzuSoft also stopped accepting credit cards due to hosting NSFW content
https://automaton-media.com/en/news/award-winning-japanese-adult-game-developer-directly-hit-by-credit-card-restrictions-as-visa-payment-gets-suspended-on-their-web-store/

Melonbooks was also pressured by credit cards due to hosting NSFW content
https://automaton-media.com/en/nongaming-news/japanese-manga-and-game-store-melonbooks-becomes-the-latest-japanese-platform-to-run-into-trouble-with-international-payment-processors/